Breast Cancer essay. Free Essays. BreastCancer. BreastCancer. Breastcancer is a type of cancer that mainly develops in breast tissues. Ofall cancer types, this is the most common, Estimated Reading Time: 8 mins breast cancer EssayBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The American cancer society estimates that in about , new cases of breast cancer will be Jan 12, · You may not know it but a friend or family member might have breast cancer in their future and it is important to know about systems, cures and some of the other important
Breast cancer as a common cancer Essay Example For Students - words | Artscolumbia
Essay Examples. In the United States in alone, breast cancer essay, an estimated 43, people will die from breast cancer. It is the number two cancer killer among females ages 15 to On average if a woman gets this disease, breast cancer essay, their life expectancy drops drastically. This cancer is within the top three cancers of all women above the age of 15, breast cancer essay, and comprises a great amount of all health care costs in the U. totaling an astounding 37 billion dollars a year breast cancer essay direct medical costs. An average woman is said to have a one in nine chance of getting the cancer, but if that person had family history of the disease, his or her chances have been measured up to a one in six chance. Sixty-nine percent of African-American women survive from it, and there are predicted to be nearly two million new cases reported this year in the U.
Breast Cancer Key Statistics. Breast cancer is a group of rapidly reproducing, undifferentiated cells in the area of the breast in men and women. The earliest changes occur in the epithelial cells of the terminal end buds TEB of the breast milk ductal system. While the progressive steps of breast cancer are unknown, the cells in the breast trigger a reaction of cell reproduction. These new cancer cells form tumors. If cancer cells are active or are considered malign, the tumor grows at tremendous speeds, and may end up in metastasis. Metastasis is a complex process in which cells break away from their primary tumors, and via the blood supply breast cancer essay through the lymph system relocate into other organs, thus spreading cancer throughout the body.
Generally, if a lump is smaller than one centimeter, it is considered breast cancer essay, although every woman should consult her doctor about any unusual bumps or feeling in the chest. One sign of breast cancer results from ductal cancer in the breast, breast cancer essay. A once hollow open tube could be completely clogged up with cancerous cells leaving an awkward feeling in the chest area. Other complications that result from this cancer and others are the clogging and cramming of the system American Cancer Society, breast cancer essay, Recently genes have been named as a great cause of cancer.
It now is thought in the medical community breast cancer essay while there are definite environmental contributors to cancer, even those people who are exposed to few carcinogens may suffer from disease that runs in their families. Among the genes that are being heavily researched is the gene BRCA1 Case Studies. In one of the breast cancer essay studies of this particular gene, over Jewish women were discovered to have mutations in this germ-line allele, which is a version of the trait that is passed to the offspring through the germ line cell or gamete. Jewish women in specific were used, as early on there was a definite pattern of breast cancer through the Jewish community especially that which lived in the United States.
In breast cancer essay article printed on January 18,germ-line alterations in BRCA1 were discovered in six of the 80 women surveyed who had breast cancer but had no apparent familial history of it. Thus the scientists concluded that mutation was not limited to women with a history of cancer. Genes are thought to cause five to twenty percent of all breast cancer essay cancers. Other genes that seem to accelerate growth to overtake and stick to proteins include HER2, neu, and erB2 Fitzgerald et al, The relation breast cancer essay serum estrogen levels at a single time is linked to breast cancer, but no evidence links estrogen levels over an extended time to the risk of breast cancer.
Bone mass is a cumulative effect of estrogen on bones scientists say, and so the study focused on the more easily observed density breast cancer essay mass of bone tissue in women. Four levels were studied, and the research was tallied. This research lent itself to the assumption that cumulative exposure to estrogen might play a part in breast breast cancer essay Fitzgerald et al, Other hormonal factors breast cancer essay been viewed as potential breast-cancer-causing agents. Birth control pills are thought by some to lead to breast cancer. Diethylstilbestrol DES was used to increase fertility from through and also decrease the chances of having a miscarriage.
Studies showed it to increase breast cancer essay rate of breast cancer by 1. Exposure to estrogen during periods of rapid growth in the breast tissue during pregnancy may increase risk. In August ofSwedish doctor Leif Bergkvist studied women ages 35 and up and found that an estrogen supplement that they were taking quadrupled chances for breast cancer Fitzgerald et al, While epidemiologists know that breast cancer is often the associated with age and genes, now speculation is arising that the earlier a woman has breast cancer essay first menstrual period the more at risk she is.
Such white culture icons as Nancy Reagan, Shirley Temple Black, Linda Ellerbee, breast cancer essay, Ann Jillian and Betty Ford have had breast cancer. But, when Japanese women move to the United States, their breast cancer rates gradually move up as their bodies respond to the new environment. Even so, breast cancer essay, the myth of it being a white-only disease still lives on Perceptions of Breast Cancer Risk and Screening Effectiveness in Women Younger Than 50 Years of Age. A number of doctors simply take the common sense approach to preventing breast cancer, breast cancer essay is exercising and getting your proper nutrients, breast cancer essay.
Leslie Bernstein, a professor of preventative medicine at the University of Southern California, proposes one leading hypothesis on how exercise fights cancer. One such food is the green tea leaf. Rajendra G. Mehta at the University of Illinois made a synthetic form of vitamin D-5 that killed cancer cells in a lab culture Newly Synthesized Compound Can Inhibit Development of Precancerous Cells. People who regularly consume hard liquor, beer or wine experience 1. Those who have more than nine drinks a week have an increase of two and a half times the rate of breast cancer for a non-drinking person. Inthe National Cancer Institute published a report comparing women with breast cancer against a control group of without the disease.
Again, alcohol appeared to promote breast cancer Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. Several medical procedures or side effects of them have been thought to promote breast cancer. It was hypothesized that self-induced abortions could greatly increase the chances of getting cancer, as during pregnancy the cells in the breast quickly divide and reproduce. By having an abortion and thus suddenly halting cell division, breast cancer essay, a number of cells would become greatly unprotected by there not being any differentiation, and thus would be vulnerable to cancer Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. Radiation has also been thought of, and for all thorough purposes has been proven to be a cause of breast cancer.
There have been three major studies that have been done concerning radiation. The first was performed around the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was quickly ascertained that within a ten mile radius of the bombing there was a definite cancer zone. More importantly, younger people got much more cancer, especially with regards to breast cancer, than did older ones. This forces more weight on the theory that the changing years of the breasts in women are their most vulnerable and possibly cancer causing ones Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. Prevention is one point of the attempt to cure breast cancer, but it is extremely important to get breast examinations often to make sure of no lumps or early tumors.
The simplest forms of breast exam are a self-exam, one with a doctor, or a mammography, breast cancer essay. A mammogram is simply an X-ray of the breast. Mammography can pick up small lesions of under one half a centimeter, whereas one can not feel a lump until it breast cancer essay a full centimeter in diameter, breast cancer essay. But, if breasts are small or dense, a mammogram might not be able to detect a cancerous lump. Another procedure could be a wire localization. A thin wire is used to show where the lesion is after the wire is inserted, and local anesthetic is administered. Thermography is based on the idea that cancer gives off more heat than regular cells. Transillumination is founded in the concept that light shines through breast tissue, breast cancer essay, but is blocked by lumps.
An ultrasound is the use of high frequency sound waves, which breast cancer essay sent off in a radar fashion, and reflect off objects that they hit. A CAT scan is the process of visually cutting the body into cross-sections Guidelines for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer, Another controversy runs deep in the issue of using CAT scans to find cancer tissue. The radiation required to examine a five milliliter lump is often considered simply too high for safety, and has a possibility of just simply spreading the cancer to other body parts. A MRI takes advantage of the electromagnetic qualities of the hydrogen nucleus to produce an electric chart or visual.
While the most common form of breast exam is mammography, there are many critics of that procedure, breast cancer essay. Cancer patients have said that the mammogram is often uncomfortable and takes too much time. Younger women are breast cancer essay increased risk for biologically more breast cancer essay carcinoma, meaning that the future battle for curing cancer is not getting any easier. Cancer growths breast cancer essay dependant upon the growth of blood vessels to nurture the cancer cells. New drugs are being developed to stop the growth of cancer cells by preventing nourishment of the cancers by new blood vessels. By cutting off the blood supply to the cells, they die, and thus are eliminated from the system Guidelines for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer, Chemotherapy involving tamoxifen has proved useful in delaying breast cancer recurrence, but the majority of patients treated with Tamoxifen eventually go into relapse.
Traditionally, there are three types of cancer treatments: radiation, mastectomy, and cytotoxic chemotherapy. The type of surgery really has its basis on the size of the tumor. A lumpectomy removes the tumor and surrounding tissues. A simple mastectomy removes the breast, nearby lymph nodes, and portions of the chest and arms Treatment. Doctors can also perform preventative mastectomies. Some surgeons feel that if the breast is fairly lumpy, and the patient appears to be at very high risk of breast cancer, the surgery may be beneficial. The whole surgery is highly controversial.
Both doctors and patients generally prefer a total bilateral mastectomy and reconstruction. This removal takes out the entire breast including the nipple and duct system so that there can be little chance of relapse Treatment. There are various treatments aimed at killing the cancerous cells- breast cancer essay surgically removing that area of the body to killing them off by use of chemicals. A very common procedure is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is an antibiotic designed to kill rapidly dividing cells. Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that can be engineered to carry drugs or radiation directly to the tumor, and is an efficient way of delivering chemotherapy to the body.
Another adaptation that has been added to chemotherapy is the use of genes that are chemo-resistant. One treatment involves stem cell transplantation. Stem cells are often referred to as master cells, and they seem breast cancer essay carry antibodies that rapidly reproduce which fight malignancies, and may be able to fight cancer. One solution to cancer may be hormone therapy Treatment. The hormone, breast cancer essay, usually tamoxifen, slows growth of cancer cells by blocking some growth enhancing properties of estrogen.
Essay #2 - breast cancer
, time: 4:08Breast Cancer Essay - nursing paper help
Breast Cancer essay. Free Essays. BreastCancer. BreastCancer. Breastcancer is a type of cancer that mainly develops in breast tissues. Ofall cancer types, this is the most common, Estimated Reading Time: 8 mins Essays About Breast Cancer Breast Cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and is a disease by which the cells in the breast area grow out of control. Breast cancer tends to breast cancer EssayBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The American cancer society estimates that in about , new cases of breast cancer will be
No comments:
Post a Comment